Analyzing Acid Base Abnormalities
Matching exercise
Match the items on the left to the items on the right.
1. Mrs. Jensen is an elderly woman with diabetes. She has been ill for several days with a severe cough. She has been unable to eat or drink since she has been ill. Her admission lab work includes the following blood gases:
pH=7.30; pCO2=40; pO2=70; HCO3=20. What acid-base disorder does she have and why?
???
Causes of metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis related to decreased ability to clear airway for gas exchange.
Causes of respiratory acidosis
Respiratory Acidosis with partial compensation
Causes of respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
CO2 + H2O <-> H2CO3
Metabolic alkalosis
Causes of metabolic acidosis
decrease in pH
increase in pH
Metabolic acidosis related to ketosis.
2. Mr. Curtis has had long-standing COPD. He recently developed a respiratory infection and reports that he has had increasing shortness of breath, increased sputum production, and anxiety. His ABGs on admission were: pH=7.26; pO2=65; pCO2=76; HCO3=30. What acid-base disorder does he have?
???
Causes of metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis related to decreased ability to clear airway for gas exchange.
Causes of respiratory acidosis
Respiratory Acidosis with partial compensation
Causes of respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
CO2 + H2O <-> H2CO3
Metabolic alkalosis
Causes of metabolic acidosis
decrease in pH
increase in pH
Metabolic acidosis related to ketosis.
3. pH=7.51; pO2=95; pCO2=28; HCO3=25
???
Causes of metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis related to decreased ability to clear airway for gas exchange.
Causes of respiratory acidosis
Respiratory Acidosis with partial compensation
Causes of respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
CO2 + H2O <-> H2CO3
Metabolic alkalosis
Causes of metabolic acidosis
decrease in pH
increase in pH
Metabolic acidosis related to ketosis.
4. pH=7.53; pO2=95; pCO2=44; HCO3=34
???
Causes of metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis related to decreased ability to clear airway for gas exchange.
Causes of respiratory acidosis
Respiratory Acidosis with partial compensation
Causes of respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
CO2 + H2O <-> H2CO3
Metabolic alkalosis
Causes of metabolic acidosis
decrease in pH
increase in pH
Metabolic acidosis related to ketosis.
5. pH=7.10; pO2=75; pCO2=25; HCO3=29
???
Causes of metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis related to decreased ability to clear airway for gas exchange.
Causes of respiratory acidosis
Respiratory Acidosis with partial compensation
Causes of respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
CO2 + H2O <-> H2CO3
Metabolic alkalosis
Causes of metabolic acidosis
decrease in pH
increase in pH
Metabolic acidosis related to ketosis.
6. Loss of gastric juices, excess ingestion of bicarbonate, chloride depletion are:
???
Causes of metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis related to decreased ability to clear airway for gas exchange.
Causes of respiratory acidosis
Respiratory Acidosis with partial compensation
Causes of respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
CO2 + H2O <-> H2CO3
Metabolic alkalosis
Causes of metabolic acidosis
decrease in pH
increase in pH
Metabolic acidosis related to ketosis.
7. Renal failure and ketosis
???
Causes of metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis related to decreased ability to clear airway for gas exchange.
Causes of respiratory acidosis
Respiratory Acidosis with partial compensation
Causes of respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
CO2 + H2O <-> H2CO3
Metabolic alkalosis
Causes of metabolic acidosis
decrease in pH
increase in pH
Metabolic acidosis related to ketosis.
8. Severe anxiety with hyperventilation or central nervous system disease
???
Causes of metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis related to decreased ability to clear airway for gas exchange.
Causes of respiratory acidosis
Respiratory Acidosis with partial compensation
Causes of respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
CO2 + H2O <-> H2CO3
Metabolic alkalosis
Causes of metabolic acidosis
decrease in pH
increase in pH
Metabolic acidosis related to ketosis.
9. Chronic pulmonary disease and drug depression of the respiratory center
???
Causes of metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis related to decreased ability to clear airway for gas exchange.
Causes of respiratory acidosis
Respiratory Acidosis with partial compensation
Causes of respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
CO2 + H2O <-> H2CO3
Metabolic alkalosis
Causes of metabolic acidosis
decrease in pH
increase in pH
Metabolic acidosis related to ketosis.
10. Pulmonary regulation of acid/base involves
???
Causes of metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis related to decreased ability to clear airway for gas exchange.
Causes of respiratory acidosis
Respiratory Acidosis with partial compensation
Causes of respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
CO2 + H2O <-> H2CO3
Metabolic alkalosis
Causes of metabolic acidosis
decrease in pH
increase in pH
Metabolic acidosis related to ketosis.
11. An intracellular ___ results in lysosomal swelling, lysis, and autodigestion.
???
Causes of metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis related to decreased ability to clear airway for gas exchange.
Causes of respiratory acidosis
Respiratory Acidosis with partial compensation
Causes of respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
CO2 + H2O <-> H2CO3
Metabolic alkalosis
Causes of metabolic acidosis
decrease in pH
increase in pH
Metabolic acidosis related to ketosis.
12. An intracellular ___ results in altered electrolytes and cellular dysfunction.
???
Causes of metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis related to decreased ability to clear airway for gas exchange.
Causes of respiratory acidosis
Respiratory Acidosis with partial compensation
Causes of respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
CO2 + H2O <-> H2CO3
Metabolic alkalosis
Causes of metabolic acidosis
decrease in pH
increase in pH
Metabolic acidosis related to ketosis.
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