Developing a Pathophysiology Critical Event Flow Chart: Inflamatory Response

As a nonspecific defense mechanism, the inflamatory response is frequently a component of many different pathophysiology flow charts. To develop this flow chart we will refer to Chapter 7 of McCance and Huether. As a starting point, review the pages related to the inflamatory response.

The first step in developing the inflamatory response flow chart is to determine the cause or starting point. Which of the following can cause an inflammatory response?