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| 1 |
Mr. James is a 73 year old who was
brought into your clinic complaining of severe muscular weakness and a 3 week history of
diarrhea. Lab results are as follows: Na = 142 mEq/L; K = 2.1 mEq/L; Cl = 94 mEq/L; CO2 =
30 mEq/L. What other symptoms would you expect based upon this lab data? |
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Vomiting due to increased levels of potassium. |
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Cardiac arrhythmias due to decreased levels of potassium & chloride. |
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Respiratory distress due to the increased levels of CO2 and acidosis. |
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The Increased sodium will lead to dependent edema. |
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| 2 |
Edema may be caused by: |
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Increasing capillary permeability |
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Increasing hydrostatic pressure |
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Reducing plasma proteins |
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Increasing interstitial proteins |
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any of the above |
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| 3 |
As HCO3 shifts from the red blood
cell to the blood plasma, it is expected that the plasma: |
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Sodium increases |
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Potassium increases |
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Chloride shifts into the red blood cell |
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pH decreases |
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| 4 |
Groups at risk for fluid imbalance
include: |
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Elderly persons, thin women, & infants |
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infants, thin women, and obese persons |
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thin women, obese persons, & elderly persons |
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obese persons, elderly persons, & infants |
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| 5 |
Thirst is experienced when water
loss equals ___% of body weight. |
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2 |
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4 |
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6 |
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8 |
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10 |
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| 6 |
Dehydration may result in any of the
following except: |
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an increased hematocrit |
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dry skin |
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tachycardia |
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postural hypertension |
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| 7 |
___ can both cause muscle weakness. |
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Hypochloremia & Hypochondria |
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Hypokalemia & hyperkalemia |
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Hypomagnesemia & hyperphosphatemia |
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Hypercalcemia & hyponatremia |
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| 8 |
A twitch of the nose or lip when the
facial nerve is tapped just below the temple is: |
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A positive sign for hypercalcemia |
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A negative sign for hypophosphatemia |
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Known as Chvostek's sign and indicates hypocalcemia |
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Known as Trousseaus's sign and indicates hypercalcemia |
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| 9 |
Ms. Jones is an elderly woman whose
daughter reports that she frequently overuses magnesium and aluminum-containing
antacids.
This abuse can result in: |
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Hypomagnesemia |
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Hypophosphatemia |
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Hyponatremia |
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Hypokalemia |
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| 10 |
Sam Jacobs presents in your clinic
complaining of weakness, dizziness, irritability, and intestinal cramps. Lab studies
include: Na=138 mEq/L; K=6.8 mEq/L; pH = 7.38; HCO3=25 mEq/L; EKG with tall, peaked T
waves. Mr. Jacob's symptoms are indicative of: |
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Hypernatremia |
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Hyponatremia |
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Hypercalcemia |
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Hyperkalemia |
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Hypokalemia |
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